CVE-2021-28119Network attack vector

Remote command execution via unvalidated IPC URL

Published Mar 9, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Remote command execution in Twinkle Tray 1.13.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute commands via crafted IPC messages. The intro preload script exposes ipcRenderer to an untrusted renderer, while the open-url handler passes its URL directly to Electron's shell.openExternal API without validation. No authentication or user interaction is required; a malicious message reaching the renderer can invoke operating-system URL handlers with the application's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability3.58%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Remote command execution in Twinkle Tray 1.13.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute commands via crafted IPC messages. The intro preload script exposes ipcRenderer to an untrusted renderer, while the open-url handler passes its URL directly to Electron's shell.openExternal API without validation. No authentication or user interaction is required; a malicious message reaching the renderer can invoke operating-system URL handlers with the application's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-28119
Published
Mar 9, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 9, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.5NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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