CVE-2021-25985

Account takeover via reusable logged-out sessions

Published Nov 16, 2021 · Updated Apr 30, 2025

Insufficient session expiration in Darwin Factor 1.0.4 through 1.8.30 allows attackers to take over a local account with a stolen session. The user logout path leaves the server-side session reusable, while the client stores its session credential in nonexpiring browser localStorage. Exploitation requires access to a victim's stored credential, such as through XSS or local browser access, after the victim logs out.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability0.78%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Insufficient session expiration in Darwin Factor 1.0.4 through 1.8.30 allows attackers to take over a local account with a stolen session. The user logout path leaves the server-side session reusable, while the client stores its session credential in nonexpiring browser localStorage. Exploitation requires access to a victim's stored credential, such as through XSS or local browser access, after the victim logs out.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-25985
Published
Nov 16, 2021
Updated
Apr 30, 2025
Vendor
Darwin
Product
Factor
Classifications
CWE-613, T1550.004, T1539
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 16, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 30, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0.4 <unspecified
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=1.8.30

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Darwin · Factorversion=1.0.4 <unspecified; version=unspecified <=1.8.30

Published CVSS scores

7.8MendCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-613Insufficient Session Expiration
T1550.004Use Alternate Authentication Material: Web Session Cookie
T1539Steal Web Session Cookie

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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