CVE-2021-24078Network attack vector

Unauthenticated remote code execution

Published Feb 25, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows DNS Server allows remote attackers to execute code through crafted DNS traffic. Microsoft has not publicly disclosed the affected parser, record type, or memory-safety operation that mishandles the traffic. Exploitation requires the DNS Server role to be enabled; successful exploitation runs attacker-controlled code in the service context.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability11.89%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows DNS Server allows remote attackers to execute code through crafted DNS traffic. Microsoft has not publicly disclosed the affected parser, record type, or memory-safety operation that mishandles the traffic. Exploitation requires the DNS Server role to be enabled; successful exploitation runs attacker-controlled code in the service context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-24078
Published
Feb 25, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows Server 2019
Classifications
T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 25, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.0 <publication

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows Server 2019version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)version=6.2.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012version=6.2.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server, version 2004version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1version=6.1.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)version=6.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)version=6.3.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server version 20H2version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2version=6.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2version=6.3.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)version=6.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server, version 1909 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.0 <publication

Published CVSS scores

9.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5NIST NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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