CVE-2021-23568Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Prototype pollution via recursive __proto__ copying

Published Jan 7, 2022 · Updated Sep 16, 2024

Prototype pollution in EggJS extend2 before 1.0.1 allows attackers to modify shared object properties through a crafted merge source. The extend function recursively copies enumerable keys and follows the special proto property into Object.prototype instead of rejecting it. Applications that pass attacker-controlled objects into a deep merge can inherit injected properties process-wide, enabling application-dependent data changes, crashes, or code execution.

CVSS severity7.3
High
EPSS probability1.45%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Prototype pollution in EggJS extend2 before 1.0.1 allows attackers to modify shared object properties through a crafted merge source. The extend function recursively copies enumerable keys and follows the special proto property into Object.prototype instead of rejecting it. Applications that pass attacker-controlled objects into a deep merge can inherit injected properties process-wide, enabling application-dependent data changes, crashes, or code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-23568
Published
Jan 7, 2022
Updated
Sep 16, 2024
Vendor
EggJS
Product
extend2
Classifications
CWE-1321
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 7, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 16, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <1.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

EggJS · extend2version=unspecified <1.0.1

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
7.3SnykCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1321Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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