CVE-2021-23337Network attack vector

Command execution via unsanitized template variable

Published Feb 15, 2021 · Updated Sep 16, 2024

Command injection in Lodash before 4.17.21 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands through the template function. The _.template implementation incorporates the user-controlled variable option into a generated Function without rejecting syntax characters that alter the generated code. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled template options, after which code runs with the application process privileges and can read or modify data or interrupt service.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability21.33%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Lodash before 4.17.21 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands through the template function. The _.template implementation incorporates the user-controlled variable option into a generated Function without rejecting syntax characters that alter the generated code. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled template options, after which code runs with the application process privileges and can read or modify data or interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-23337
Published
Feb 15, 2021
Updated
Sep 16, 2024
Vendor
Lodash
Product
Lodash
Classifications
CWE-94, CWE-77, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 15, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 16, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=prior to 4.17.21

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Lodash · Lodashversion=prior to 4.17.21

Published CVSS scores

6.5NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
7.2GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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