CVE-2021-22963Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Open redirect via scheme-relative directory path

Published Oct 14, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Open redirect in Fastify @fastify/static before 4.2.4 allows remote attackers to send Firefox users to arbitrary sites via crafted paths. The directory redirect handler parses the raw request URL with Node.js url.parse and places its pathname directly into a 301 Location header, preserving a leading double slash that Firefox interprets as a scheme-relative host. Exploitation requires the nondefault redirect:true option and a victim following the crafted link; the redirect can move that Firefox session to an attacker-chosen origin.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability1.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Open redirect in Fastify @fastify/static before 4.2.4 allows remote attackers to send Firefox users to arbitrary sites via crafted paths. The directory redirect handler parses the raw request URL with Node.js url.parse and places its pathname directly into a 301 Location header, preserving a leading double slash that Firefox interprets as a scheme-relative host. Exploitation requires the nondefault redirect:true option and a victim following the crafted link; the redirect can move that Firefox session to an attacker-chosen origin.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-22963
Published
Oct 14, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Fastify
Product
@fastify/static
Classifications
CWE-601, CAPEC-178
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 14, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Affects < v4.2.4. Fixed in >= v4.2.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Fastify · @fastify/staticversion=Affects < v4.2.4. Fixed in >= v4.2.4

Published CVSS scores

6.1GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.8NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N
6.1NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-601URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CAPEC-178Cross-Site Flashing

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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