CVE-2021-22644Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Credential disclosure via hardcoded decryption key

Published Jul 28, 2022 · Updated Apr 17, 2025

Hardcoded cryptographic key use in Ovarro TBox firmware 1.44 and earlier allows remote attackers to decrypt stored login credentials. TWinSoft relies on a custom TWinSoft user and an embedded key that decrypts encrypted passwords extracted from a TBox configuration file. Network access to retrieve the configuration is required; recovered plaintext credentials expose the protected device account.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability0.77%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Hardcoded cryptographic key use in Ovarro TBox firmware 1.44 and earlier allows remote attackers to decrypt stored login credentials. TWinSoft relies on a custom TWinSoft user and an embedded key that decrypts encrypted passwords extracted from a TBox configuration file. Network access to retrieve the configuration is required; recovered plaintext credentials expose the protected device account.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-22644
Published
Jul 28, 2022
Updated
Apr 17, 2025
Vendor
Ovarro
Product
TBox
Classifications
CWE-321, CWE-798, T1552.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 23, 2021Exploitation reportedClaroty TBox protected-device exploit chain
  2. Jul 28, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  3. Apr 17, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=LT2
  2. Affected versionversion=MS-CPU32
  3. Affected versionversion=MS-CPU32-S2
  4. Affected versionversion=RM2
  5. Affected versionversion=TG2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Ovarro · TBoxversion=LT2; version=MS-CPU32; version=MS-CPU32-S2; version=RM2; version=TG2

Published CVSS scores

7.5ICS-CERTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-321Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
CWE-798Use of Hard-coded Credentials
T1552.001Credentials In Files

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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