CVE-2021-22502Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated root code execution via LogonResource parameters

Published Feb 8, 2021 · Updated Oct 21, 2025

Command injection in Micro Focus Operations Bridge Reporter 10.40 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code as root without authentication. The LogonResource endpoint passes unvalidated userName and Token values into system calls, allowing shell metacharacters to run commands. A network-reachable OBR administration service is sufficient; exploitation can fully control the server and has been observed delivering Mirai.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability96.74%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Micro Focus Operations Bridge Reporter 10.40 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code as root without authentication. The LogonResource endpoint passes unvalidated userName and Token values into system calls, allowing shell metacharacters to run commands. A network-reachable OBR administration service is sufficient; exploitation can fully control the server and has been observed delivering Mirai.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-22502
Published
Feb 8, 2021
Updated
Oct 21, 2025
Vendor
Micro Focus
Product
Operations Bridge Reporter
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059.004, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 8, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 3, 2021Exploitation reportedMirai variant exploitation campaign
  3. Nov 3, 2021Exploitation reportedCISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities listing
  4. Oct 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=OBR 10.40

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Micro Focus · Operations Bridge Reporterversion=OBR 10.40

Published CVSS scores

10.0Micro FocusCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
10.0NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsShadowserver observations through Sep 15, 2026. Gaps indicate unavailable data.
Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
View daily counts
Reporting dayUnique IPs
Sep 9, 2026Unavailable
Sep 10, 2026Unavailable
Sep 11, 2026Unavailable
Sep 12, 2026Unavailable
Sep 13, 2026Unavailable
Sep 14, 20261
Sep 15, 2026Unavailable
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059.004Unix Shell
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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