CVE-2021-22037

Local code execution via unqualified reg.exe lookup

Published Oct 29, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Search-order hijacking in VMware InstallBuilder before 21.6.0 allows local users to execute code through Windows installers. Registry actions invoke reg.exe without enforcing its full system path, so Windows search order selects an attacker-planted executable ahead of the system tool. Exploitation requires prior local access to plant reg.exe before a vulnerable installer or uninstaller runs, and the code inherits that process's security scope.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.29%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Search-order hijacking in VMware InstallBuilder before 21.6.0 allows local users to execute code through Windows installers. Registry actions invoke reg.exe without enforcing its full system path, so Windows search order selects an attacker-planted executable ahead of the system tool. Exploitation requires prior local access to plant reg.exe before a vulnerable installer or uninstaller runs, and the code inherits that process's security scope.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-22037
Published
Oct 29, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
VMware
Product
InstallBuilder
Classifications
CWE-427, T1574.008
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 29, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=All InstallBuilder versions prior to version 21.6.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

VMware · InstallBuilderversion=All InstallBuilder versions prior to version 21.6.0

Published CVSS scores

7.8NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.4NISTAV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-427Uncontrolled Search Path Element
T1574.008Path Interception by Search Order Hijacking

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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