Unauthenticated command execution via traversable OVA extraction
Published Feb 24, 2021 · Updated Aug 12, 2026
Path traversal in VMware vCenter Server 6.5, 6.7, and 7.x allows remote attackers to execute commands through port 443. The unauthenticated uploadOvaFile handler extracts attacker-supplied OVA tar entries beneath /tmp/unicorn_ova_dir without rejecting parent-directory paths, allowing files to be written outside that directory. The vROps plugin endpoint is present in default installations, and Cloud Foundation 3.x and 4.x are affected through their embedded vCenter Server component.
Summary
What happened
Path traversal in VMware vCenter Server 6.5, 6.7, and 7.x allows remote attackers to execute commands through port 443. The unauthenticated uploadOvaFile handler extracts attacker-supplied OVA tar entries beneath /tmp/unicorn_ova_dir without rejecting parent-directory paths, allowing files to be written outside that directory. The vROps plugin endpoint is present in default installations, and Cloud Foundation 3.x and 4.x are affected through their embedded vCenter Server component.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2021-21972
- Published
- Feb 24, 2021
- Updated
- Aug 12, 2026
- Vendor
- VMware
- Product
- VMware vCenter Server
- Classifications
- CWE-23, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 24, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 3, 2021Exploitation reportedCISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities listing
- Aug 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=6.5 before 6.5 U3n
- Affected versionversion=6.7 before 6.7 U3l
- Affected versionversion=7.x before 7.0 U1c
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
View daily counts
| Reporting day | Unique IPs |
|---|---|
| Sep 10, 2026 | 1 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 12, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 13, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 14, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 15, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 16, 2026 | Unavailable |
Public exploit references
- CVE-2021-21972 unauthorized file-upload proof of conceptfunctional · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Reported exploitation
- Ransomware campaign useransomware
- CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities listingknown exploited catalog
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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