CVE-2021-21849Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Code execution via undersized tfra entry allocation

Published Aug 25, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Integer overflow in GPAC 1.0.1 MPEG-4 decoding allows context-dependent attackers to execute code through a crafted tfra atom. The tfra_box_read function multiplies an untrusted entry count by the GF_RandomAccessEntry size, truncates the result on 32-bit builds, allocates an undersized heap array, and then writes parsed entries beyond its bounds. Exploitation requires a user or consuming application to open the malicious MPEG-4 file and yields code execution in the affected process.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.70%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Integer overflow in GPAC 1.0.1 MPEG-4 decoding allows context-dependent attackers to execute code through a crafted tfra atom. The tfra_box_read function multiplies an untrusted entry count by the GF_RandomAccessEntry size, truncates the result on 32-bit builds, allocates an undersized heap array, and then writes parsed entries beyond its bounds. Exploitation requires a user or consuming application to open the malicious MPEG-4 file and yields code execution in the affected process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-21849
Published
Aug 25, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
GPAC Project
Product
GPAC
Classifications
CWE-680, CWE-119, T1204.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 25, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=GPAC Project Advanced Content commit a8a8d412dabcb129e695c3e7d861fcc81f608304, GPAC Project Advanced Content v1.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

GPAC Project · GPACversion=GPAC Project Advanced Content commit a8a8d412dabcb129e695c3e7d861fcc81f608304, GPAC Project Advanced Content v1.0.1

Published CVSS scores

8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.8Cisco TalosCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.8NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-680Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow
CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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