CVE-2021-21345Network attack vector

Remote command execution via manipulated unmarshalling stream

Published Mar 22, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Remote command execution in XStream through 1.4.15 allows remote attackers with sufficient rights to execute host commands via crafted XML unmarshalling input. During unmarshalling, type information in the stream lets XStream instantiate attacker-selected classes, including a PriorityQueue payload that triggers command execution. The attack requires access to an application that unmarshals attacker-controlled streams; a strict whitelist prevents the vulnerable path, while default blacklist configurations remain exposed.

CVSS severity9.9
Critical
EPSS probability72.32%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Remote command execution in XStream through 1.4.15 allows remote attackers with sufficient rights to execute host commands via crafted XML unmarshalling input. During unmarshalling, type information in the stream lets XStream instantiate attacker-selected classes, including a PriorityQueue payload that triggers command execution. The attack requires access to an application that unmarshals attacker-controlled streams; a strict whitelist prevents the vulnerable path, while default blacklist configurations remain exposed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-21345
Published
Mar 22, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
XStream
Product
XStream
Classifications
CWE-78, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 22, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.4.16

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

XStream · XStreamversion=< 1.4.16

Published CVSS scores

9.9GitLab Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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