CVE-2021-20234Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Client crash via unfinished-message memory leak

Published Apr 1, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Uncontrolled resource consumption in ZeroMQ libzmq before 4.3.3 allows remote attackers to crash clients via malicious servers. When src/pipe.cpp processes a delimiter for an inactive pipe that retains an unfinished message, it drops the pipe reference without rolling back the message and leaks its allocation. Exploitation requires an unprotected client to be induced to connect to multiple malicious or compromised servers; repeated leaks exhaust memory and terminate the client.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability1.07%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Uncontrolled resource consumption in ZeroMQ libzmq before 4.3.3 allows remote attackers to crash clients via malicious servers. When src/pipe.cpp processes a delimiter for an inactive pipe that retains an unfinished message, it drops the pipe reference without rolling back the message and leaks its allocation. Exploitation requires an unprotected client to be induced to connect to multiple malicious or compromised servers; repeated leaks exhaust memory and terminate the client.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-20234
Published
Apr 1, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
ZeroMQ
Product
libzmq
Classifications
CWE-401, CWE-400, T1499
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 1, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=zeromq 4.3.3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ZeroMQ · libzmqversion=zeromq 4.3.3

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.3NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-401Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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