CVE-2020-21427Public exploit

Code execution via unchecked RLE8 delta offset

Published Aug 22, 2023 · Updated May 5, 2025

Heap buffer overflow in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows context-dependent attackers to execute code by supplying a crafted RLE8 BMP image. LoadPixelDataRLE8 accepts attacker-controlled delta values that can move beyond a scanline, then passes a negative remaining-byte count to a read targeting memory beyond the bitmap buffer. Opening or otherwise decoding the crafted file is required; the overwrite can crash the process or execute code in its context.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap buffer overflow in FreeImage 3.18.0 allows context-dependent attackers to execute code by supplying a crafted RLE8 BMP image. LoadPixelDataRLE8 accepts attacker-controlled delta values that can move beyond a scanline, then passes a negative remaining-byte count to a read targeting memory beyond the bitmap buffer. Opening or otherwise decoding the crafted file is required; the overwrite can crash the process or execute code in its context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2020-21427
Published
Aug 22, 2023
Updated
May 5, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-120, T1204.002, T1203
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 22, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 5, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-120Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
T1204.002Malicious File
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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