CVE-2020-11077Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Cross-client response misdirection via parser disagreement

Published May 22, 2020 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

HTTP request smuggling in Puma 3.12.5 and earlier and 4.0.0 through 4.3.4 allows remote attackers to misdirect proxy responses. On a persistent proxy-to-Puma connection, Puma parses pipelined bytes as a second request while the proxy treats them as the first request's body. Exploitation requires backend connection reuse and HTTP pipelining; a response generated for the attacker can reach another client.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability2.81%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

HTTP request smuggling in Puma 3.12.5 and earlier and 4.0.0 through 4.3.4 allows remote attackers to misdirect proxy responses. On a persistent proxy-to-Puma connection, Puma parses pipelined bytes as a second request while the proxy treats them as the first request's body. Exploitation requires backend connection reuse and HTTP pipelining; a response generated for the attacker can reach another client.

The record

CVE
CVE-2020-11077
Published
May 22, 2020
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
Puma
Product
Puma
Classifications
CWE-444, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 22, 2020CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.12.6
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 4.0.0, < 4.3.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Puma · Pumaversion=< 3.12.6; version=>= 4.0.0, < 4.3.5

Published CVSS scores

6.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
7.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
5.0NIST NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-444Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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