CVE-2019-25045Public exploit

Local system crash via incomplete XFRM flush

Published Jun 7, 2021 · Updated Aug 5, 2024

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel XFRM subsystem before 5.0.19 allows local users to crash the system during network namespace teardown. xfrm_state_flush treats IPSEC_PROTO_ANY as matching only three IPsec protocols, so IPPROTO_ROUTING entries remain in net->xfrm.state_all when a network namespace exits. Low-privileged local access is required, and the stale XFRM state reaches xfrm_state_fini during cleanup, causing a kernel panic and system reboot.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.50%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the Linux kernel XFRM subsystem before 5.0.19 allows local users to crash the system during network namespace teardown. xfrm_state_flush treats IPSEC_PROTO_ANY as matching only three IPsec protocols, so IPPROTO_ROUTING entries remain in net->xfrm.state_all when a network namespace exits. Low-privileged local access is required, and the stale XFRM state reaches xfrm_state_fini during cleanup, causing a kernel panic and system reboot.

The record

CVE
CVE-2019-25045
Published
Jun 7, 2021
Updated
Aug 5, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 7, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8CanonicalCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.6NVDAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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