CVE-2015-10141Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via DBGp eval

Published Jul 23, 2025 · Updated May 15, 2026

OS command injection in Xdebug 2.5.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through an exposed debugging session. The remote debugging interface accepts unauthenticated DBGp eval commands and evaluates attacker-supplied PHP, which can invoke system() or passthru(). Remote debugging must be enabled and induced to connect to the attacker's debugging client; resulting commands run with the PHP web server process's privileges.

CVSS severity9.3
Critical
EPSS probability7.39%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Xdebug 2.5.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through an exposed debugging session. The remote debugging interface accepts unauthenticated DBGp eval commands and evaluates attacker-supplied PHP, which can invoke system() or passthru(). Remote debugging must be enabled and induced to connect to the attacker's debugging client; resulting commands run with the PHP web server process's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2015-10141
Published
Jul 23, 2025
Updated
May 15, 2026
Vendor
Xdebug
Product
Xdebug
Classifications
CWE-306, CWE-78, CAPEC-88, CAPEC-137, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 23, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 15, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=2.5.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Xdebug · Xdebugversion=0 <=2.5.5

Published CVSS scores

9.3VulnCheckCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-306Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CAPEC-88OS Command Injection
CAPEC-137Parameter Injection
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo